// Locale support -*- C++ -*-
	
	// Copyright (C) 1997-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
	//
	// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
	// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
	// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
	// any later version.
	
	// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
	// GNU General Public License for more details.
	
	// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
	// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
	// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
	
	// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
	// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
	// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
	// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	
	/** @file bits/locale_facets.tcc
	 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
	 *  Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{locale}
	 */
	
	#ifndef _LOCALE_FACETS_TCC
	#define _LOCALE_FACETS_TCC 1
	
	#pragma GCC system_header
	
	namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
	{
	_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
	
	  // Routine to access a cache for the facet.  If the cache didn't
	  // exist before, it gets constructed on the fly.
	  template<typename _Facet>
	    struct __use_cache
	    {
	      const _Facet*
	      operator() (const locale& __loc) const;
	    };
	
	  // Specializations.
	  template<typename _CharT>
	    struct __use_cache<__numpunct_cache<_CharT> >
	    {
	      const __numpunct_cache<_CharT>*
	      operator() (const locale& __loc) const
	      {
		const size_t __i = numpunct<_CharT>::id._M_id();
		const locale::facet** __caches = __loc._M_impl->_M_caches;
		if (!__caches[__i])
		  {
		    __numpunct_cache<_CharT>* __tmp = 0;
		    __try
		      {
			__tmp = new __numpunct_cache<_CharT>;
			__tmp->_M_cache(__loc);
		      }
		    __catch(...)
		      {
			delete __tmp;
			__throw_exception_again;
		      }
		    __loc._M_impl->_M_install_cache(__tmp, __i);
		  }
		return static_cast<const __numpunct_cache<_CharT>*>(__caches[__i]);
	      }
	    };
	
	  template<typename _CharT>
	    void
	    __numpunct_cache<_CharT>::_M_cache(const locale& __loc)
	    {
	      _M_allocated = true;
	
	      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
	
	      char* __grouping = 0;
	      _CharT* __truename = 0;
	      _CharT* __falsename = 0;
	      __try
		{
		  _M_grouping_size = __np.grouping().size();
		  __grouping = new char[_M_grouping_size];
		  __np.grouping().copy(__grouping, _M_grouping_size);
		  _M_grouping = __grouping;
		  _M_use_grouping = (_M_grouping_size
				     && static_cast<signed char>(_M_grouping[0]) > 0
				     && (_M_grouping[0]
					 != __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<char>::__max));
	
		  _M_truename_size = __np.truename().size();
		  __truename = new _CharT[_M_truename_size];
		  __np.truename().copy(__truename, _M_truename_size);
		  _M_truename = __truename;
	
		  _M_falsename_size = __np.falsename().size();
		  __falsename = new _CharT[_M_falsename_size];
		  __np.falsename().copy(__falsename, _M_falsename_size);
		  _M_falsename = __falsename;
	
		  _M_decimal_point = __np.decimal_point();
		  _M_thousands_sep = __np.thousands_sep();
	
		  const ctype<_CharT>& __ct = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
		  __ct.widen(__num_base::_S_atoms_out,
			     __num_base::_S_atoms_out
			     + __num_base::_S_oend, _M_atoms_out);
		  __ct.widen(__num_base::_S_atoms_in,
			     __num_base::_S_atoms_in
			     + __num_base::_S_iend, _M_atoms_in);
		}
	      __catch(...)
		{
		  delete [] __grouping;
		  delete [] __truename;
		  delete [] __falsename;
		  __throw_exception_again;
		}
	    }
	
	  // Used by both numeric and monetary facets.
	  // Check to make sure that the __grouping_tmp string constructed in
	  // money_get or num_get matches the canonical grouping for a given
	  // locale.
	  // __grouping_tmp is parsed L to R
	  // 1,222,444 == __grouping_tmp of "\1\3\3"
	  // __grouping is parsed R to L
	  // 1,222,444 == __grouping of "\3" == "\3\3\3"
	  _GLIBCXX_PURE bool
	  __verify_grouping(const char* __grouping, size_t __grouping_size,
			    const string& __grouping_tmp) throw ();
	
	_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_LDBL
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    _M_extract_float(_InIter __beg, _InIter __end, ios_base& __io,
			     ios_base::iostate& __err, string& __xtrc) const
	    {
	      typedef char_traits<_CharT>			__traits_type;
	      typedef __numpunct_cache<_CharT>                  __cache_type;
	      __use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
	      const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
	      const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
	      const _CharT* __lit = __lc->_M_atoms_in;
	      char_type __c = char_type();
	
	      // True if __beg becomes equal to __end.
	      bool __testeof = __beg == __end;
	
	      // First check for sign.
	      if (!__testeof)
		{
		  __c = *__beg;
		  const bool __plus = __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iplus];
		  if ((__plus || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iminus])
		      && !(__lc->_M_use_grouping && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
		      && !(__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point))
		    {
		      __xtrc += __plus ? '+' : '-';
		      if (++__beg != __end)
			__c = *__beg;
		      else
			__testeof = true;
		    }
		}
	
	      // Next, look for leading zeros.
	      bool __found_mantissa = false;
	      int __sep_pos = 0;
	      while (!__testeof)
		{
		  if ((__lc->_M_use_grouping && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
		      || __c == __lc->_M_decimal_point)
		    break;
		  else if (__c == __lit[__num_base::_S_izero])
		    {
		      if (!__found_mantissa)
			{
			  __xtrc += '0';
			  __found_mantissa = true;
			}
		      ++__sep_pos;
	
		      if (++__beg != __end)
			__c = *__beg;
		      else
			__testeof = true;
		    }
		  else
		    break;
		}
	
	      // Only need acceptable digits for floating point numbers.
	      bool __found_dec = false;
	      bool __found_sci = false;
	      string __found_grouping;
	      if (__lc->_M_use_grouping)
		__found_grouping.reserve(32);
	      const char_type* __lit_zero = __lit + __num_base::_S_izero;
	
	      if (!__lc->_M_allocated)
		// "C" locale
		while (!__testeof)
		  {
		    const int __digit = _M_find(__lit_zero, 10, __c);
		    if (__digit != -1)
		      {
			__xtrc += '0' + __digit;
			__found_mantissa = true;
		      }
		    else if (__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point
			     && !__found_dec && !__found_sci)
		      {
			__xtrc += '.';
			__found_dec = true;
		      }
		    else if ((__c == __lit[__num_base::_S_ie] 
			      || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iE])
			     && !__found_sci && __found_mantissa)
		      {
			// Scientific notation.
			__xtrc += 'e';
			__found_sci = true;
			
			// Remove optional plus or minus sign, if they exist.
			if (++__beg != __end)
			  {
			    __c = *__beg;
			    const bool __plus = __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iplus];
			    if (__plus || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iminus])
			      __xtrc += __plus ? '+' : '-';
			    else
			      continue;
			  }
			else
			  {
			    __testeof = true;
			    break;
			  }
		      }
		    else
		      break;
	
		    if (++__beg != __end)
		      __c = *__beg;
		    else
		      __testeof = true;
		  }
	      else
		while (!__testeof)
		  {
		    // According to 22.2.2.1.2, p8-9, first look for thousands_sep
		    // and decimal_point.
		    if (__lc->_M_use_grouping && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
		      {
			if (!__found_dec && !__found_sci)
			  {
			    // NB: Thousands separator at the beginning of a string
			    // is a no-no, as is two consecutive thousands separators.
			    if (__sep_pos)
			      {
				__found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
				__sep_pos = 0;
			      }
			    else
			      {
				// NB: __convert_to_v will not assign __v and will
				// set the failbit.
				__xtrc.clear();
				break;
			      }
			  }
			else
			  break;
		      }
		    else if (__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point)
		      {
			if (!__found_dec && !__found_sci)
			  {
			    // If no grouping chars are seen, no grouping check
			    // is applied. Therefore __found_grouping is adjusted
			    // only if decimal_point comes after some thousands_sep.
			    if (__found_grouping.size())
			      __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
			    __xtrc += '.';
			    __found_dec = true;
			  }
			else
			  break;
		      }
		    else
		      {
			const char_type* __q =
			  __traits_type::find(__lit_zero, 10, __c);
			if (__q)
			  {
			    __xtrc += '0' + (__q - __lit_zero);
			    __found_mantissa = true;
			    ++__sep_pos;
			  }
			else if ((__c == __lit[__num_base::_S_ie] 
				  || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iE])
				 && !__found_sci && __found_mantissa)
			  {
			    // Scientific notation.
			    if (__found_grouping.size() && !__found_dec)
			      __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
			    __xtrc += 'e';
			    __found_sci = true;
			    
			    // Remove optional plus or minus sign, if they exist.
			    if (++__beg != __end)
			      {
				__c = *__beg;
				const bool __plus = __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iplus];
				if ((__plus || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iminus])
				    && !(__lc->_M_use_grouping
					 && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
				    && !(__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point))
			      __xtrc += __plus ? '+' : '-';
				else
				  continue;
			      }
			    else
			      {
				__testeof = true;
				break;
			      }
			  }
			else
			  break;
		      }
		    
		    if (++__beg != __end)
		      __c = *__beg;
		    else
		      __testeof = true;
		  }
	
	      // Digit grouping is checked. If grouping and found_grouping don't
	      // match, then get very very upset, and set failbit.
	      if (__found_grouping.size())
	        {
	          // Add the ending grouping if a decimal or 'e'/'E' wasn't found.
		  if (!__found_dec && !__found_sci)
		    __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
	
	          if (!std::__verify_grouping(__lc->_M_grouping, 
					      __lc->_M_grouping_size,
					      __found_grouping))
		    __err = ios_base::failbit;
	        }
	
	      return __beg;
	    }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    template<typename _ValueT>
	      _InIter
	      num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	      _M_extract_int(_InIter __beg, _InIter __end, ios_base& __io,
			     ios_base::iostate& __err, _ValueT& __v) const
	      {
	        typedef char_traits<_CharT>			     __traits_type;
		using __gnu_cxx::__add_unsigned;
		typedef typename __add_unsigned<_ValueT>::__type __unsigned_type;
		typedef __numpunct_cache<_CharT>                     __cache_type;
		__use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
		const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
		const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
		const _CharT* __lit = __lc->_M_atoms_in;
		char_type __c = char_type();
	
		// NB: Iff __basefield == 0, __base can change based on contents.
		const ios_base::fmtflags __basefield = __io.flags()
		                                       & ios_base::basefield;
		const bool __oct = __basefield == ios_base::oct;
		int __base = __oct ? 8 : (__basefield == ios_base::hex ? 16 : 10);
	
		// True if __beg becomes equal to __end.
		bool __testeof = __beg == __end;
	
		// First check for sign.
		bool __negative = false;
		if (!__testeof)
		  {
		    __c = *__beg;
		    __negative = __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iminus];
		    if ((__negative || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iplus])
			&& !(__lc->_M_use_grouping && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
			&& !(__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point))
		      {
			if (++__beg != __end)
			  __c = *__beg;
			else
			  __testeof = true;
		      }
		  }
	
		// Next, look for leading zeros and check required digits
		// for base formats.
		bool __found_zero = false;
		int __sep_pos = 0;
		while (!__testeof)
		  {
		    if ((__lc->_M_use_grouping && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
			|| __c == __lc->_M_decimal_point)
		      break;
		    else if (__c == __lit[__num_base::_S_izero] 
			     && (!__found_zero || __base == 10))
		      {
			__found_zero = true;
			++__sep_pos;
			if (__basefield == 0)
			  __base = 8;
			if (__base == 8)
			  __sep_pos = 0;
		      }
		    else if (__found_zero
			     && (__c == __lit[__num_base::_S_ix]
				 || __c == __lit[__num_base::_S_iX]))
		      {
			if (__basefield == 0)
			  __base = 16;
			if (__base == 16)
			  {
			    __found_zero = false;
			    __sep_pos = 0;
			  }
			else
			  break;
		      }
		    else
		      break;
	
		    if (++__beg != __end)
		      {
			__c = *__beg;
			if (!__found_zero)
			  break;
		      }
		    else
		      __testeof = true;
		  }
		
		// At this point, base is determined. If not hex, only allow
		// base digits as valid input.
		const size_t __len = (__base == 16 ? __num_base::_S_iend
				      - __num_base::_S_izero : __base);
	
		// Extract.
		string __found_grouping;
		if (__lc->_M_use_grouping)
		  __found_grouping.reserve(32);
		bool __testfail = false;
		bool __testoverflow = false;
		const __unsigned_type __max =
		  (__negative && __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__is_signed)
		  ? -__gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__min
		  : __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__max;
		const __unsigned_type __smax = __max / __base;
		__unsigned_type __result = 0;
		int __digit = 0;
		const char_type* __lit_zero = __lit + __num_base::_S_izero;
	
		if (!__lc->_M_allocated)
		  // "C" locale
		  while (!__testeof)
		    {
		      __digit = _M_find(__lit_zero, __len, __c);
		      if (__digit == -1)
			break;
		      
		      if (__result > __smax)
			__testoverflow = true;
		      else
			{
			  __result *= __base;
			  __testoverflow |= __result > __max - __digit;
			  __result += __digit;
			  ++__sep_pos;
			}
		      
		      if (++__beg != __end)
			__c = *__beg;
		      else
			__testeof = true;
		    }
		else
		  while (!__testeof)
		    {
		      // According to 22.2.2.1.2, p8-9, first look for thousands_sep
		      // and decimal_point.
		      if (__lc->_M_use_grouping && __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep)
			{
			  // NB: Thousands separator at the beginning of a string
			  // is a no-no, as is two consecutive thousands separators.
			  if (__sep_pos)
			    {
			      __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
			      __sep_pos = 0;
			    }
			  else
			    {
			      __testfail = true;
			      break;
			    }
			}
		      else if (__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point)
			break;
		      else
			{
			  const char_type* __q =
			    __traits_type::find(__lit_zero, __len, __c);
			  if (!__q)
			    break;
			  
			  __digit = __q - __lit_zero;
			  if (__digit > 15)
			    __digit -= 6;
			  if (__result > __smax)
			    __testoverflow = true;
			  else
			    {
			      __result *= __base;
			      __testoverflow |= __result > __max - __digit;
			      __result += __digit;
			      ++__sep_pos;
			    }
			}
		      
		      if (++__beg != __end)
			__c = *__beg;
		      else
			__testeof = true;
		    }
		
		// Digit grouping is checked. If grouping and found_grouping don't
		// match, then get very very upset, and set failbit.
		if (__found_grouping.size())
		  {
		    // Add the ending grouping.
		    __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
	
		    if (!std::__verify_grouping(__lc->_M_grouping,
						__lc->_M_grouping_size,
						__found_grouping))
		      __err = ios_base::failbit;
		  }
	
		// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
		// 23. Num_get overflow result.
		if ((!__sep_pos && !__found_zero && !__found_grouping.size())
		    || __testfail)
		  {
		    __v = 0;
		    __err = ios_base::failbit;
		  }
		else if (__testoverflow)
		  {
		    if (__negative
			&& __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__is_signed)
		      __v = __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__min;
		    else
		      __v = __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__max;
		    __err = ios_base::failbit;
		  }
		else
		  __v = __negative ? -__result : __result;
	
		if (__testeof)
		  __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
		return __beg;
	      }
	
	  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
	  // 17.  Bad bool parsing
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
	           ios_base::iostate& __err, bool& __v) const
	    {
	      if (!(__io.flags() & ios_base::boolalpha))
	        {
		  // Parse bool values as long.
	          // NB: We can't just call do_get(long) here, as it might
	          // refer to a derived class.
		  long __l = -1;
	          __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __l);
		  if (__l == 0 || __l == 1)
		    __v = bool(__l);
		  else
		    {
		      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
		      // 23. Num_get overflow result.
		      __v = true;
		      __err = ios_base::failbit;
		      if (__beg == __end)
			__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
		    }
	        }
	      else
	        {
		  // Parse bool values as alphanumeric.
		  typedef __numpunct_cache<_CharT>  __cache_type;
		  __use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
		  const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
		  const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
	
		  bool __testf = true;
		  bool __testt = true;
		  bool __donef = __lc->_M_falsename_size == 0;
		  bool __donet = __lc->_M_truename_size == 0;
		  bool __testeof = false;
		  size_t __n = 0;
		  while (!__donef || !__donet)
		    {
		      if (__beg == __end)
			{
			  __testeof = true;
			  break;
			}
	
		      const char_type __c = *__beg;
	
		      if (!__donef)
			__testf = __c == __lc->_M_falsename[__n];
	
		      if (!__testf && __donet)
			break;
	
		      if (!__donet)
			__testt = __c == __lc->_M_truename[__n];
	
		      if (!__testt && __donef)
			break;
	
		      if (!__testt && !__testf)
			break;
	
		      ++__n;
		      ++__beg;
	
		      __donef = !__testf || __n >= __lc->_M_falsename_size;
		      __donet = !__testt || __n >= __lc->_M_truename_size;
		    }
		  if (__testf && __n == __lc->_M_falsename_size && __n)
		    {
		      __v = false;
		      if (__testt && __n == __lc->_M_truename_size)
			__err = ios_base::failbit;
		      else
			__err = __testeof ? ios_base::eofbit : ios_base::goodbit;
		    }
		  else if (__testt && __n == __lc->_M_truename_size && __n)
		    {
		      __v = true;
		      __err = __testeof ? ios_base::eofbit : ios_base::goodbit;
		    }
		  else
		    {
		      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
		      // 23. Num_get overflow result.
		      __v = false;
		      __err = ios_base::failbit;
		      if (__testeof)
			__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
		    }
		}
	      return __beg;
	    }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
		   ios_base::iostate& __err, float& __v) const
	    {
	      string __xtrc;
	      __xtrc.reserve(32);
	      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
	      std::__convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_get_c_locale());
	      if (__beg == __end)
		__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
	      return __beg;
	    }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
	           ios_base::iostate& __err, double& __v) const
	    {
	      string __xtrc;
	      __xtrc.reserve(32);
	      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
	      std::__convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_get_c_locale());
	      if (__beg == __end)
		__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
	      return __beg;
	    }
	
	#if defined _GLIBCXX_LONG_DOUBLE_COMPAT && defined __LONG_DOUBLE_128__
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    __do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
		     ios_base::iostate& __err, double& __v) const
	    {
	      string __xtrc;
	      __xtrc.reserve(32);
	      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
	      std::__convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_get_c_locale());
	      if (__beg == __end)
		__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
	      return __beg;
	    }
	#endif
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
	           ios_base::iostate& __err, long double& __v) const
	    {
	      string __xtrc;
	      __xtrc.reserve(32);
	      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
	      std::__convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_get_c_locale());
	      if (__beg == __end)
		__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
	      return __beg;
	    }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
	    _InIter
	    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
	    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
	           ios_base::iostate& __err, void*& __v) const
	    {
	      // Prepare for hex formatted input.
	      typedef ios_base::fmtflags        fmtflags;
	      const fmtflags __fmt = __io.flags();
	      __io.flags((__fmt & ~ios_base::basefield) | ios_base::hex);
	
	      typedef __gnu_cxx::__conditional_type<(sizeof(void*)
						     <= sizeof(unsigned long)),
		unsigned long, unsigned long long>::__type _UIntPtrType;       
	
	      _UIntPtrType __ul;
	      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __ul);
	
	      // Reset from hex formatted input.
	      __io.flags(__fmt);
	
	      __v = reinterpret_cast<void*>(__ul);
	      return __beg;
	    }
	
	  // For use by integer and floating-point types after they have been
	  // converted into a char_type string.
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    void
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    _M_pad(_CharT __fill, streamsize __w, ios_base& __io,
		   _CharT* __new, const _CharT* __cs, int& __len) const
	    {
	      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 3.
	      // If necessary, pad.
	      __pad<_CharT, char_traits<_CharT> >::_S_pad(__io, __fill, __new,
							  __cs, __w, __len);
	      __len = static_cast<int>(__w);
	    }
	
	_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_LDBL
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _ValueT>
	    int
	    __int_to_char(_CharT* __bufend, _ValueT __v, const _CharT* __lit,
			  ios_base::fmtflags __flags, bool __dec)
	    {
	      _CharT* __buf = __bufend;
	      if (__builtin_expect(__dec, true))
		{
		  // Decimal.
		  do
		    {
		      *--__buf = __lit[(__v % 10) + __num_base::_S_odigits];
		      __v /= 10;
		    }
		  while (__v != 0);
		}
	      else if ((__flags & ios_base::basefield) == ios_base::oct)
		{
		  // Octal.
		  do
		    {
		      *--__buf = __lit[(__v & 0x7) + __num_base::_S_odigits];
		      __v >>= 3;
		    }
		  while (__v != 0);
		}
	      else
		{
		  // Hex.
		  const bool __uppercase = __flags & ios_base::uppercase;
		  const int __case_offset = __uppercase ? __num_base::_S_oudigits
		                                        : __num_base::_S_odigits;
		  do
		    {
		      *--__buf = __lit[(__v & 0xf) + __case_offset];
		      __v >>= 4;
		    }
		  while (__v != 0);
		}
	      return __bufend - __buf;
	    }
	
	_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_LDBL
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    void
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    _M_group_int(const char* __grouping, size_t __grouping_size, _CharT __sep,
			 ios_base&, _CharT* __new, _CharT* __cs, int& __len) const
	    {
	      _CharT* __p = std::__add_grouping(__new, __sep, __grouping,
						__grouping_size, __cs, __cs + __len);
	      __len = __p - __new;
	    }
	  
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    template<typename _ValueT>
	      _OutIter
	      num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	      _M_insert_int(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill,
			    _ValueT __v) const
	      {
		using __gnu_cxx::__add_unsigned;
		typedef typename __add_unsigned<_ValueT>::__type __unsigned_type;
		typedef __numpunct_cache<_CharT>	             __cache_type;
		__use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
		const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
		const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
		const _CharT* __lit = __lc->_M_atoms_out;
		const ios_base::fmtflags __flags = __io.flags();
	
		// Long enough to hold hex, dec, and octal representations.
		const int __ilen = 5 * sizeof(_ValueT);
		_CharT* __cs = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
								     * __ilen));
	
		// [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 1, numeric conversion to character.
		// Result is returned right-justified in the buffer.
		const ios_base::fmtflags __basefield = __flags & ios_base::basefield;
		const bool __dec = (__basefield != ios_base::oct
				    && __basefield != ios_base::hex);
		const __unsigned_type __u = ((__v > 0 || !__dec)
					     ? __unsigned_type(__v)
					     : -__unsigned_type(__v));
	 	int __len = __int_to_char(__cs + __ilen, __u, __lit, __flags, __dec);
		__cs += __ilen - __len;
	
		// Add grouping, if necessary.
		if (__lc->_M_use_grouping)
		  {
		    // Grouping can add (almost) as many separators as the number
		    // of digits + space is reserved for numeric base or sign.
		    _CharT* __cs2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
									  * (__len + 1)
									  * 2));
		    _M_group_int(__lc->_M_grouping, __lc->_M_grouping_size,
				 __lc->_M_thousands_sep, __io, __cs2 + 2, __cs, __len);
		    __cs = __cs2 + 2;
		  }
	
		// Complete Stage 1, prepend numeric base or sign.
		if (__builtin_expect(__dec, true))
		  {
		    // Decimal.
		    if (__v >= 0)
		      {
			if (bool(__flags & ios_base::showpos)
			    && __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__is_signed)
			  *--__cs = __lit[__num_base::_S_oplus], ++__len;
		      }
		    else
		      *--__cs = __lit[__num_base::_S_ominus], ++__len;
		  }
		else if (bool(__flags & ios_base::showbase) && __v)
		  {
		    if (__basefield == ios_base::oct)
		      *--__cs = __lit[__num_base::_S_odigits], ++__len;
		    else
		      {
			// 'x' or 'X'
			const bool __uppercase = __flags & ios_base::uppercase;
			*--__cs = __lit[__num_base::_S_ox + __uppercase];
			// '0'
			*--__cs = __lit[__num_base::_S_odigits];
			__len += 2;
		      }
		  }
	
		// Pad.
		const streamsize __w = __io.width();
		if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
		  {
		    _CharT* __cs3 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
									  * __w));
		    _M_pad(__fill, __w, __io, __cs3, __cs, __len);
		    __cs = __cs3;
		  }
		__io.width(0);
	
		// [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 4.
		// Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
		return std::__write(__s, __cs, __len);
	      }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    void
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    _M_group_float(const char* __grouping, size_t __grouping_size,
			   _CharT __sep, const _CharT* __p, _CharT* __new,
			   _CharT* __cs, int& __len) const
	    {
	      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
	      // 282. What types does numpunct grouping refer to?
	      // Add grouping, if necessary.
	      const int __declen = __p ? __p - __cs : __len;
	      _CharT* __p2 = std::__add_grouping(__new, __sep, __grouping,
						 __grouping_size,
						 __cs, __cs + __declen);
	
	      // Tack on decimal part.
	      int __newlen = __p2 - __new;
	      if (__p)
		{
		  char_traits<_CharT>::copy(__p2, __p, __len - __declen);
		  __newlen += __len - __declen;
		}
	      __len = __newlen;
	    }
	
	  // The following code uses vsnprintf (or vsprintf(), when
	  // _GLIBCXX_USE_C99 is not defined) to convert floating point values
	  // for insertion into a stream.  An optimization would be to replace
	  // them with code that works directly on a wide buffer and then use
	  // __pad to do the padding.  It would be good to replace them anyway
	  // to gain back the efficiency that C++ provides by knowing up front
	  // the type of the values to insert.  Also, sprintf is dangerous
	  // since may lead to accidental buffer overruns.  This
	  // implementation follows the C++ standard fairly directly as
	  // outlined in 22.2.2.2 [lib.locale.num.put]
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    template<typename _ValueT>
	      _OutIter
	      num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	      _M_insert_float(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, char __mod,
			       _ValueT __v) const
	      {
		typedef __numpunct_cache<_CharT>                __cache_type;
		__use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
		const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
		const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
	
		// Use default precision if out of range.
		const streamsize __prec = __io.precision() < 0 ? 6 : __io.precision();
	
		const int __max_digits =
		  __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__digits10;
	
		// [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 1, numeric conversion to character.
		int __len;
		// Long enough for the max format spec.
		char __fbuf[16];
		__num_base::_S_format_float(__io, __fbuf, __mod);
	
	#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_C99
		// First try a buffer perhaps big enough (most probably sufficient
		// for non-ios_base::fixed outputs)
		int __cs_size = __max_digits * 3;
		char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
		__len = std::__convert_from_v(_S_get_c_locale(), __cs, __cs_size,
					      __fbuf, __prec, __v);
	
		// If the buffer was not large enough, try again with the correct size.
		if (__len >= __cs_size)
		  {
		    __cs_size = __len + 1;
		    __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
		    __len = std::__convert_from_v(_S_get_c_locale(), __cs, __cs_size,
						  __fbuf, __prec, __v);
		  }
	#else
		// Consider the possibility of long ios_base::fixed outputs
		const bool __fixed = __io.flags() & ios_base::fixed;
		const int __max_exp =
		  __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<_ValueT>::__max_exponent10;
	
		// The size of the output string is computed as follows.
		// ios_base::fixed outputs may need up to __max_exp + 1 chars
		// for the integer part + __prec chars for the fractional part
		// + 3 chars for sign, decimal point, '\0'. On the other hand,
		// for non-fixed outputs __max_digits * 2 + __prec chars are
		// largely sufficient.
		const int __cs_size = __fixed ? __max_exp + __prec + 4
		                              : __max_digits * 2 + __prec;
		char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
		__len = std::__convert_from_v(_S_get_c_locale(), __cs, 0, __fbuf, 
					      __prec, __v);
	#endif
	
		// [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 2, convert to char_type, using correct
		// numpunct.decimal_point() values for '.' and adding grouping.
		const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
		
		_CharT* __ws = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
								     * __len));
		__ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + __len, __ws);
		
		// Replace decimal point.
		_CharT* __wp = 0;
		const char* __p = char_traits<char>::find(__cs, __len, '.');
		if (__p)
		  {
		    __wp = __ws + (__p - __cs);
		    *__wp = __lc->_M_decimal_point;
		  }
		
		// Add grouping, if necessary.
		// N.B. Make sure to not group things like 2e20, i.e., no decimal
		// point, scientific notation.
		if (__lc->_M_use_grouping
		    && (__wp || __len < 3 || (__cs[1] <= '9' && __cs[2] <= '9'
					      && __cs[1] >= '0' && __cs[2] >= '0')))
		  {
		    // Grouping can add (almost) as many separators as the
		    // number of digits, but no more.
		    _CharT* __ws2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
									  * __len * 2));
		    
		    streamsize __off = 0;
		    if (__cs[0] == '-' || __cs[0] == '+')
		      {
			__off = 1;
			__ws2[0] = __ws[0];
			__len -= 1;
		      }
		    
		    _M_group_float(__lc->_M_grouping, __lc->_M_grouping_size,
				   __lc->_M_thousands_sep, __wp, __ws2 + __off,
				   __ws + __off, __len);
		    __len += __off;
		    
		    __ws = __ws2;
		  }
	
		// Pad.
		const streamsize __w = __io.width();
		if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
		  {
		    _CharT* __ws3 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
									  * __w));
		    _M_pad(__fill, __w, __io, __ws3, __ws, __len);
		    __ws = __ws3;
		  }
		__io.width(0);
		
		// [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 4.
		// Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
		return std::__write(__s, __ws, __len);
	      }
	  
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    _OutIter
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, bool __v) const
	    {
	      const ios_base::fmtflags __flags = __io.flags();
	      if ((__flags & ios_base::boolalpha) == 0)
	        {
	          const long __l = __v;
	          __s = _M_insert_int(__s, __io, __fill, __l);
	        }
	      else
	        {
		  typedef __numpunct_cache<_CharT>              __cache_type;
		  __use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
		  const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
		  const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
	
		  const _CharT* __name = __v ? __lc->_M_truename
		                             : __lc->_M_falsename;
		  int __len = __v ? __lc->_M_truename_size
		                  : __lc->_M_falsename_size;
	
		  const streamsize __w = __io.width();
		  if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
		    {
		      const streamsize __plen = __w - __len;
		      _CharT* __ps
			= static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
								* __plen));
	
		      char_traits<_CharT>::assign(__ps, __plen, __fill);
		      __io.width(0);
	
		      if ((__flags & ios_base::adjustfield) == ios_base::left)
			{
			  __s = std::__write(__s, __name, __len);
			  __s = std::__write(__s, __ps, __plen);
			}
		      else
			{
			  __s = std::__write(__s, __ps, __plen);
			  __s = std::__write(__s, __name, __len);
			}
		      return __s;
		    }
		  __io.width(0);
		  __s = std::__write(__s, __name, __len);
		}
	      return __s;
	    }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    _OutIter
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, double __v) const
	    { return _M_insert_float(__s, __io, __fill, char(), __v); }
	
	#if defined _GLIBCXX_LONG_DOUBLE_COMPAT && defined __LONG_DOUBLE_128__
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    _OutIter
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    __do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, double __v) const
	    { return _M_insert_float(__s, __io, __fill, char(), __v); }
	#endif
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    _OutIter
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
		   long double __v) const
	    { return _M_insert_float(__s, __io, __fill, 'L', __v); }
	
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
	    _OutIter
	    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
	    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
	           const void* __v) const
	    {
	      const ios_base::fmtflags __flags = __io.flags();
	      const ios_base::fmtflags __fmt = ~(ios_base::basefield
						 | ios_base::uppercase);
	      __io.flags((__flags & __fmt) | (ios_base::hex | ios_base::showbase));
	
	      typedef __gnu_cxx::__conditional_type<(sizeof(const void*)
						     <= sizeof(unsigned long)),
		unsigned long, unsigned long long>::__type _UIntPtrType;       
	
	      __s = _M_insert_int(__s, __io, __fill,
				  reinterpret_cast<_UIntPtrType>(__v));
	      __io.flags(__flags);
	      return __s;
	    }
	
	_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_LDBL
	
	  // Construct correctly padded string, as per 22.2.2.2.2
	  // Assumes
	  // __newlen > __oldlen
	  // __news is allocated for __newlen size
	
	  // NB: Of the two parameters, _CharT can be deduced from the
	  // function arguments. The other (_Traits) has to be explicitly specified.
	  template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits>
	    void
	    __pad<_CharT, _Traits>::_S_pad(ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill,
					   _CharT* __news, const _CharT* __olds,
					   streamsize __newlen, streamsize __oldlen)
	    {
	      const size_t __plen = static_cast<size_t>(__newlen - __oldlen);
	      const ios_base::fmtflags __adjust = __io.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield;
	
	      // Padding last.
	      if (__adjust == ios_base::left)
		{
		  _Traits::copy(__news, __olds, __oldlen);
		  _Traits::assign(__news + __oldlen, __plen, __fill);
		  return;
		}
	
	      size_t __mod = 0;
	      if (__adjust == ios_base::internal)
		{
		  // Pad after the sign, if there is one.
		  // Pad after 0[xX], if there is one.
		  // Who came up with these rules, anyway? Jeeze.
	          const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
		  const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
	
		  if (__ctype.widen('-') == __olds[0]
		      || __ctype.widen('+') == __olds[0])
		    {
		      __news[0] = __olds[0];
		      __mod = 1;
		      ++__news;
		    }
		  else if (__ctype.widen('0') == __olds[0]
			   && __oldlen > 1
			   && (__ctype.widen('x') == __olds[1]
			       || __ctype.widen('X') == __olds[1]))
		    {
		      __news[0] = __olds[0];
		      __news[1] = __olds[1];
		      __mod = 2;
		      __news += 2;
		    }
		  // else Padding first.
		}
	      _Traits::assign(__news, __plen, __fill);
	      _Traits::copy(__news + __plen, __olds + __mod, __oldlen - __mod);
	    }
	
	  template<typename _CharT>
	    _CharT*
	    __add_grouping(_CharT* __s, _CharT __sep,
			   const char* __gbeg, size_t __gsize,
			   const _CharT* __first, const _CharT* __last)
	    {
	      size_t __idx = 0;
	      size_t __ctr = 0;
	
	      while (__last - __first > __gbeg[__idx]
		     && static_cast<signed char>(__gbeg[__idx]) > 0
		     && __gbeg[__idx] != __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<char>::__max)
		{
		  __last -= __gbeg[__idx];
		  __idx < __gsize - 1 ? ++__idx : ++__ctr;
		}
	
	      while (__first != __last)
		*__s++ = *__first++;
	
	      while (__ctr--)
		{
		  *__s++ = __sep;	  
		  for (char __i = __gbeg[__idx]; __i > 0; --__i)
		    *__s++ = *__first++;
		}
	
	      while (__idx--)
		{
		  *__s++ = __sep;	  
		  for (char __i = __gbeg[__idx]; __i > 0; --__i)
		    *__s++ = *__first++;
		}
	
	      return __s;
	    }
	
	  // Inhibit implicit instantiations for required instantiations,
	  // which are defined via explicit instantiations elsewhere.
	#if _GLIBCXX_EXTERN_TEMPLATE
	  extern template class numpunct<char>;
	  extern template class numpunct_byname<char>;
	  extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL num_get<char>;
	  extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL num_put<char>;
	  extern template class ctype_byname<char>;
	
	  extern template
	    const ctype<char>&
	    use_facet<ctype<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    const numpunct<char>&
	    use_facet<numpunct<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    const num_put<char>&
	    use_facet<num_put<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    const num_get<char>&
	    use_facet<num_get<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<ctype<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<numpunct<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<num_put<char> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<num_get<char> >(const locale&);
	
	#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
	  extern template class numpunct<wchar_t>;
	  extern template class numpunct_byname<wchar_t>;
	  extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL num_get<wchar_t>;
	  extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL num_put<wchar_t>;
	  extern template class ctype_byname<wchar_t>;
	
	  extern template
	    const ctype<wchar_t>&
	    use_facet<ctype<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    const numpunct<wchar_t>&
	    use_facet<numpunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    const num_put<wchar_t>&
	    use_facet<num_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    const num_get<wchar_t>&
	    use_facet<num_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	 extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<ctype<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<numpunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<num_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	
	  extern template
	    bool
	    has_facet<num_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
	#endif
	#endif
	
	_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
	} // namespace
	
	#endif